There are three types of nuclear reactor viewed from its intended use. First is the reactor used for research purposes is commonly called research reactors (research reactors). Second was reactor designed to produce electricity, commonly called power reactors (power reactor) and used in Nuclear Power Plant (NPP). Third is a reactor designed dual role, namely as a producer of electricity (as a power reactor) and the production of fissionable fuel (breed nuclear fuel), commonly known as breeder reactor (breeder reactors).
Research reactors have a very big role in the utilization of nuclear techniques in the outer energy. This type of reactor neutron results only use nuclear fission reactions, it is hot out of the nuclear reactions that will be discarded. Because the use of neutrons, the reactor neutron flux experiment was designed to have large enough so that suitable as a means to perform irradiation with neutrons. Neutron flux in order to achieve the optimum, then the reactor core is surrounded by blocks berlillium (Be) and a few lines of Be element as a neutron reflector. In addition, because the heat is not utilized, then the research reactor designed low thermal power, which range from a few hundred kilo Watt (kW) to tens of mega watts (MW).
Utilization of nuclear techniques outside the energy sector can be done with the involvement of research reactors and research reactors without engaging directly. Which involves the utilization of research reactors generally is by neutron irradiation in the reactor core. The process of neutron irradiation is widely used for research in medicine, physics, chemistry, biology, agriculture, industry, environmental studies, metallurgical materials and so forth. Moderate use of nuclear techniques that do not involve direct research reactors are usually done with memanfaatakan radiation emitted by radioisotopes. With this technique, irradiation can be done outside the reactor core. Radioisotopnya own being produced by the technique of neutron irradiation in the reactor core.
Gamma irradiation with radioisotopes used extensively in various fields. Irradiation technology has been applied in chemical processes of an industry. Without realizing it is actually a lot of industrial products used in everyday life contain components manufacturing process involving irradiation technology. Of plastic goods for domestic use can be made through the irradiation process. Items such as television sets or cars for example, contains the components and cable wrapping process is strengthened by irradiation.
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